Lack of Vitamin D Girl Can Faster First Menstruation

HEALTH WORLDS: The girl who got it early menstruation (menarche) tend to have health and psychosocial problems in adolescents. Sometimes menstruation is too early to make girls have difficulty in relationships with peers because it is considered precocious.

Previous research has shown that girls who menstruate early have a higher risk of disease
cardiometabolic (heart) and cancer, especially breast cancer when she was an adult.

But a recent study found links between low vitamin D with early menstruation in girls younger. The result, girls who have a risk of low vitamin D levels were twice as likely to experience menstruation compared with girls who have low vitamin D sufficient.

"Worldwide, there has been a decline in age of first menstruation or menarche over the years," said Eduardo Villamor, professor of epidemiology University of Michigan School of Public Health as reported esciencenews, Sunday (14/08/2011).

At first he suspected factors environment was the cause due to genetic factors that trigger puberty has not changed. "But we learned a little about the triggers of puberty from an environmental perspective. If we study the causes of decline in age of first menstruation, we may be able to develop interventions to prevent early menarche," said Villamor.

Previous studies have suggested that slower menarche experienced by girls who live near the equator compared to girls living in northern countries. Incidentally, girls in northern countries may have low levels of vitamin D because exposure to limited sunlight in winter.

In that study found, 57 percent of girls in the group of vitamin D deficiency reached menarche during the study. While there are groups of vitamin D-sufficient as much as 23 percent. In terms of age, women of low vitamin D experienced menarche when the average age was 11.8 years, while in other groups around the age of 12.6 years.

"The difference is quite substantial 10 months because 10 months is not long, at that age, many things happened quickly in the body of a young girl," said Villamor. Although the results suggest a link between vitamin D and menarche but have not found a causal relationship.

The study, conducted the University of Michigan School of Public Health measured levels of vitamin D in the blood of 242 girls aged 5-12 years in Bogota, Colombia. The girls are monitored for 30 months.

Vulnerable People Have cavities

HEALTH WORLDS: Cavities is a problem experienced by most people. But there are some people who are known to be more prone to cavities than others.

It is estimated that about 97 percent of people in the world have experienced cavities. Tooth decay is usually caused by demineralization of teeth by acids. When the pH in the oral cavity is less than 5.5, then the demineralization of tooth enamel began to happen.

High levels will affect the demineralization of enamel and tooth roots, these conditions will trigger the development of cavities. Other factors affecting the fluoride ion concentration and the production of saliva.

Several things can cause a person more prone to cavities than others, as quoted from Buzzle, Saturday (08/13/2011), namely:

1. Tooth structure
In general, everyone is the same tooth morphology. But sometimes at each individual has a distinctive morphological differences, like having a tooth structure which makes difficult to remove plaque thereby increasing the likelihood of cavities.

2. The habit of eating sweet foods
The formation of holes in large part because of acid attacks. Bacteria in the oral cavity is highly dependent on sugar as an energy source. When the sugar is broken down so it forms lactic acid that plays a role in the process of demineralization of tooth enamel, so people who like sweet foods more susceptible to cavities.

3. Oral hygiene and bad teeth
Maintaining oral hygiene and tooth brushing your teeth twice a day and flossing regularly can prevent accumulation of bacteria in the oral cavity, thereby reducing the formation of holes or cavities.

4. Having a bit of saliva
The amount of saliva secreted in the mouth into the factors controlling the formation of holes. People with the amount of saliva a little more prone to have cavities, because saliva can be a natural source of cleaning germs and acids in the mouth. In addition the viscosity of saliva also plays a role, if saliva is very thick it can not clear the bacteria in dental cavities optimally.

5. The presence of certain bacteria
Not all bacteria can cause cavities, but generally bacteria that produce lactic acid can lead to cavities. Thus strains of bacteria that occupy the teeth have an important role in addition to the plaque.

6. Pregnant women
Several studies show pregnant women more susceptible to tooth decay because the amount of saliva decreases during pregnancy. The amount of saliva released is not enough to protect teeth against bacteria and acid attacks.

Enough Sleep Can Make Slim Stomach

HEALTH WORLDS: Adequate sleep is well known for brains and make optimal mental performance. But there are other benefits obtained if getting enough sleep, which can make the stomach so slim.

During this time the public know that people burn more calories while awake than when sleeping. But enough sleep can also help the body burn more calories, thereby reducing fat accumulation.

Studies show the number of hours of sleep has affected a person's risk obese, fewer hours of sleep obtained the greater the buildup of fat in the abdomen.

There are various things which is why adequate sleep is very important in losing weight and getting rid of fat in the abdomen, especially in women, as quoted from the LIVESTRONG and nursingmenopause.com on Friday (08/12/2011), namely:

1. Helps control yourself
Sleep is very important in helping a person to control themselves. If someone is sleeping less than 6 hours of sleep quality would be bad then that will affect people's ability to make decisions. This condition is of course an impact on his diet so that it triggers more snacking.

2. Reduced levels of ghrelin
Ghrelin is a hormone that triggers hunger. Studies show men and women who have time to sleep less than 4 hours for 2 consecutive days will experience a drastic increase in ghrelin, which makes a lot of eating and snacking on salty foods and sweet.

3. Reducing the amount of the hormone cortisol
Stress has been shown to cause hormonal imbalances, particularly those involving the hormone cortisol, a hormone released during stress. The hormone cortisol can stimulate fat storage around the abdomen. But if someone gets enough sleep, the levels of the hormone cortisol is low and the fat that accumulates in the abdomen is reduced.

Sleep is essential for the body. If you want to avoid the belly, then adjust your diet and exercise alone are not enough. Still required hours of sleep enough and enjoying life that exist and avoid stress.